Advanced Laboratories
Our well-equipped laboratories play an important role in giving students unique opportunities to study the exciting fields of physics. We have number of advanced equipment for structural and electrical characterization where they provide our students with essential resources to learn the proper use of state-of-the-art equipment, to perform intricate data collection and analysis, and to present interesting scientific results in the form of lab reports and papers.
The major set-ups in the laboratories include:
X'Pert3 Powder/ PANalytical: This system has on-board control electronics, compliance with the latest and most stringent X-ray and motion safety norms, advances in eco-friendliness and reliability. The system is capable of performing high-quality phase identification and quantification, residual stress analysis, grazing incidence diffraction, X-ray reflectometry and small-angle X-ray scattering characterizations.
Four Probe Transport Measurement System: Labview operated homebuilt electrical transport system is formed of a Keithley 2182A precision Nano voltmeter and a 6221 Keithley source and measurement unit with basic temperature control option.
Impedance Analyzer: Our laboratory is equipped with a Agilent E4990A impedance analyzer with capacitance and dielectric constant measurement tool kit. Equipment at this stage has a frequency range of 20Hz to 10MHz. The system is capable of performing AC resistance measurements: measurement parameters |Z|, |Y|, θ, R, X, G, B, L, C, D, Q, Complex Z, Complex Y, Vac, Iac, Vdc, Idc.
Optical Rotation and Faraday Effect Apparatus: This experimental system is designed to observe the magneto-optic rotation effect of a material under test, understand the flow direction of a magnetic current versus the polarization rotation direction of a Faraday rotator, calculate the Verdet constamt, and demonstrate optical communication using magneto-optic modulation technique.
Fiber Optics Spectrometer (Flame): FLAME–T–XR1–ES is a Next Generation Miniature extended range with enhanced sensitivity Spectrometer. It is fitted with DH-mini deuterium-tungsten halogen source, Toshiba TCD1304AP linear silicon CCD array, detection range 190 – 1100 nm, 3648 Pixels, 400 µm premium fiber, solarization-resistant, and Signal-to-noise ratio 300:1 (at full signal). It is used for teaching basic principles of spectroscopy as well as advanced research experiments. Currently the system is fully equipped for UV-VIS spectroscopy applications. The spectrometer has interchangeable slits to optimize the configuration for different sample applications.
Geiger Muller Tube, Radiation Counter with LABLINK Software: Our lab is equipped with a teaching Nuclear Lab System. The system includes a G-M Tube with a mount and trays, a radiation counter with LABLINK software and a full set of radioactive sources and absorbers. The system empowers students to perform a wide range of experiments with alpha, beta and gamma radiation in the field of nuclear physics and engineering. The experiments include Plotting a Geiger Plateau, Resolving Time, Absorption of Radiation, Half-Life, Nuclear Detection, Inverse Square Law, Beta Decay, Nuclear Radiation Contamination, Thickness Gauging, and Depth Gauging. Examples of two experiments that can be carried out with our Nuclear Lab Systems are listed below.
Exp. I: Determination the Range of Alpha and Beta Radiation
Measure dependence of alpha and beta radiation intensity on distance traveled by the particles in various materials. Determine the range of the particles in those materials. Using an empirical range-energy relationship, determine the energy of alpha particles emitted by the 210Po source. Compare the obtained results with the known values given in literature or calculated from empirical formulas. Compare the observed regularities of alpha and beta particle absorption.
Exp. II: Study of Statistics of Radioactivity and Half-life
A solid understanding of radiation statistics is important for anyone doing research in nuclear or particle physics. The statistics of radioactive processes are an integral component of error calculations. The radioactivity of a short-lived radionuclide is measured as a function of time and the half-life of the substance can be determined. The count rate obtained in any time interval will fluctuate from the average counting rate over a long period of time according to the laws of probability. A number of factors must be taken into account when analyzing counting experiments. Three of these factors are background, counter losses, and statistics.
